描述：
Erythropoietin (Epo) is a 34 kDa glycoprotein hormone in the type I cytokine family and is
related to thrombopoietin. Its three Nglycosylation sites, four alpha helices, and N-to C-
terminal disulfide bond are conserved across species. Glycosylation of Epo is required for
biological activities in vivo. Mature rat Epo shares 95% amino acid sequence identity with
mouse Epo and 72%-82% with bovine, canine, equine, feline, human, ovine, and porcine EPO.
Epo is primarily produced in the kidney by a population of fibroblast-like cortical interstitial
cells adjacent to the proximal tubules. It is also produced in much lower, but functionally
significant amounts by fetal hepatocytes and by adult liver and brain.Epo promotes erythrocyte
formation by preventing the apoptosis of early erythroid precursors which express the Epo
receptor (Epo R) . Epo R has also been described in brain, retina, heart, skeletal muscle, kidney,
endothelial cells, and a variety of tumor cells. Ligand induced dimerization of Epo R triggers
JAK2 mediated signaling pathways followed by receptor/ligand endocytosis and degradation.
Rapid regulation of circulating Epo allows tight control of erythrocyte production and
hemoglobin concentrations. Anemia or other causes of low tissue oxygen tension induce Epo
production by stabilizing the hypoxiainduceable transcription factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α.
Epo additionally plays a tissue-protective role in ischemia by blocking apoptosis and inducing
Angiogenesis.
原厂资料：
Erythropoietin (Epo) is a 34 kDa glycoprotein hormone in the type I cytokine family and is
related to thrombopoietin. Its three Nglycosylation sites, four alpha helices, and N-to C-
terminal disulfide bond are conserved across species. Glycosylation of Epo is required for
biological activities in vivo. Mature rat Epo shares 95% amino acid sequence identity with
mouse Epo and 72%-82% with bovine, canine, equine, feline, human, ovine, and porcine EPO.
Epo is primarily produced in the kidney by a population of fibroblast-like cortical interstitial
cells adjacent to the proximal tubules. It is also produced in much lower, but functionally
significant amounts by fetal hepatocytes and by adult liver and brain.Epo promotes erythrocyte
formation by preventing the apoptosis of early erythroid precursors which express the Epo
receptor (Epo R) . Epo R has also been described in brain, retina, heart, skeletal muscle, kidney,
endothelial cells, and a variety of tumor cells. Ligand induced dimerization of Epo R triggers
JAK2 mediated signaling pathways followed by receptor/ligand endocytosis and degradation.
Rapid regulation of circulating Epo allows tight control of erythrocyte production and
hemoglobin concentrations. Anemia or other causes of low tissue oxygen tension induce Epo
production by stabilizing the hypoxiainduceable transcription factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α.
Epo additionally plays a tissue-protective role in ischemia by blocking apoptosis and inducing
Angiogenesis.
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