描述：
BMP4 is one of at least 15 structurally and functionallyrelated BMPs, which are members
of the transforming growth factorβ (TGFβ) superfamily. BMPs were originally identified as
protein regulators of cartilage and bone formation. They have since been shown to have roles
in embryogenesis and morphogenesis of various tissues and organs. BMPs have also been
shown to regulate the growth, differentiation, chemotaxis, and apoptosis of various cell types,
including mesenchymal cells, epithelial cells, hematopoietic cells, and neuronal cells. Similarly
to other TGFβ superfamily proteins, BMPs are highly conserved across animal species.
Zebrafish BMP4 protein shares 73% amino acid sequence identity with human and murine
BMP4, and 86% amino acid sequence identity with zebrafish BMP2b. Zebrafish BMP4 mRNA
is detected throughout embryonic development and has been detected in tissues of adult fish,
including the brain, heart, digestive tracts, testes, and jaw. BMP4 has been shown to play roles
in directing zebrafish heart looping and in ear development. The combined expression pattern
of zBMP2a/2b/4 coincides with areas where BMP2/4 expression would be found in other
vertebrates. Biologically active BMP4 is a disulfidelinked homodimer of the carboxyterminal
113 amino acid residues that contains the characteristic seven conserved cysteine residues
involved in the formation of the cysteine knot and the single interchain disulfide bond.
原厂资料：
BMP4 is one of at least 15 structurally and functionallyrelated BMPs, which are members
of the transforming growth factorβ (TGFβ) superfamily. BMPs were originally identified as
protein regulators of cartilage and bone formation. They have since been shown to have roles
in embryogenesis and morphogenesis of various tissues and organs. BMPs have also been
shown to regulate the growth, differentiation, chemotaxis, and apoptosis of various cell types,
including mesenchymal cells, epithelial cells, hematopoietic cells, and neuronal cells. Similarly
to other TGFβ superfamily proteins, BMPs are highly conserved across animal species.
Zebrafish BMP4 protein shares 73% amino acid sequence identity with human and murine
BMP4, and 86% amino acid sequence identity with zebrafish BMP2b. Zebrafish BMP4 mRNA
is detected throughout embryonic development and has been detected in tissues of adult fish,
including the brain, heart, digestive tracts, testes, and jaw. BMP4 has been shown to play roles
in directing zebrafish heart looping and in ear development. The combined expression pattern
of zBMP2a/2b/4 coincides with areas where BMP2/4 expression would be found in other
vertebrates. Biologically active BMP4 is a disulfidelinked homodimer of the carboxyterminal
113 amino acid residues that contains the characteristic seven conserved cysteine residues
involved in the formation of the cysteine knot and the single interchain disulfide bond.
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