Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta
Background Information
IKK-beta (I-Kappa-B kinase-beta) is a member of the IKK complex which is composed of IKK-alpha, IKK-beta, IKK-gamma and IKAP (1-2). Phosphorylation of I-Kappa-B on a serine residue by the IKK complex frees NF-kB from I-Kappa-B and marks it for degradation via ubiquitination. IKK-beta has been shown to activate NF-kB and phosphorylate IKB-alpha and beta (3). Phosphorylation of 2 sites at the activation loop of IKK-beta is essential for activation of IKK by TNF and IL1. Once activated, IKK-beta autophosphorylates which in turn decreases IKK activity and prevents prolonged activation of the inflammatory response (4). Additionally, IKK-beta activity can also be regulated by MEKK-1 (5).
Product Information
Format
Unpurified
Control
Daudi cell lysate
Presentation
Rabbit Monoclonal in buffer containing glycerol, BSA, and sodium azide.
Applications
Application
Anti-IKK beta Antibody, clone Y466, Rabbit Monoclonal detects level of IKK beta & has been published & validated for use in Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation, Flow Cytometry, IHC(P).
Key Applications
Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin)
Western Blotting
Immunoprecipitation
Flow Cytometry
Application Notes
Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A 1:50-100 dilution from a representative lot was used in human cervical carcinoma tissue.
Flow Cytometry Analysis: A 1:40 dilution from a representative lot was used in FC.
Immunoprecipitation Analysis: A 1:50 dilution from a representative lot was used in IP.
Biological Information
Immunogen
Synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminus of human IKK beta.
Epitope
C-terminus
Clone
Y466
Host
Rabbit
Specificity
This antibody recognizes the C-terminus of IKK beta.
FUNCTION:Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses. Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation and phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is translocated into the nucleus and activates the transcription of hundreds of genes involved in immune response, growth control, or protection against apoptosis. In addition to the NF-kappa-B inhibitors, phosphorylates several other components of the signaling pathway including NEMO/IKBKG, NF-kappa-B subunits RELA and NFKB1, as well as IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKBKE. IKK-related kinase phosphorylations may prevent the overproduction of inflammatory mediators since they exert a negative regulation on canonical IKKs. Also phosphorylates other substrates including NCOA3, BCL10 and IRS1. Within the nucleus, acts as an adapter protein for NFKBIA degradation in UV-induced NF-kappa-B activation. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:ATP + [I-kappa-B protein] = ADP + [I-kappa-B phosphoprotein]. SUBUNIT STRUCTURE:Component of the I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) core complex consisting of CHUK, IKBKB and IKBKG; probably four alpha/CHUK-beta/IKBKB dimers are associated with four gamma/IKBKG subunits. The IKK core complex seems to associate with regulatory or adapter proteins to form a IKK-signalosome holo-complex. The IKK complex associates with TERF2IP/RAP1, leading to promote IKK-mediated phosphorylation of RELA/p65. Part of a complex composed of NCOA2, NCOA3, CHUK/IKKA, IKBKB, IKBKG and CREBBP. Part of a 70-90 kDa complex at least consisting of CHUK/IKKA, IKBKB, NFKBIA, RELA, IKBKAP and MAP3K14. Found in a membrane raft complex, at least composed of BCL10, CARD11, DPP4 and IKBKB. Interacts with SQSTM1 through PRKCZ or PRKCI. Forms an NGF-induced complex with IKBKB, PRKCI and TRAF6. May interact with MAVS/IPS1. Interacts with NALP2. Interacts with TICAM1. Interacts with Yersinia yopJ. Interacts with FAF1; the interaction disrupts the IKK complex formation. Interacts with ATM. Part of a ternary complex consisting of TANK, IKBKB and IKBKG. Interacts with NIBP; the interaction is direct. Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2. Interacts with TRIM21. Interacts with NLRC5; prevents IKBKB phosphorylation and kinase activity. Interacts with PDPK1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION:Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Membrane raft. Note: Colocalized with DPP4 in membrane rafts. TISSUE SPECIFICITY:Highly expressed in heart, placenta, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis and peripheral blood. DOMAIN:The kinase domain is located in the N-terminal region. The leucine zipper is important to allow homo- and hetero-dimerization. At the C-terminal region is located the region responsible for the interaction with NEMO/IKBKG. PTM:Upon cytokine stimulation, phosphorylated on Ser-177 and Ser-181 by MEKK1 and/or MAP3K14/NIK as well as TBK1 and PRKCZ; which enhances activity. Once activated, autophosphorylates on the C-terminal serine cluster; which decreases activity and prevents prolonged activation of the inflammatory response. Phosphorylated by the IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKBKE, which is associated with reduced CHUK/IKKA and IKBKB activity and NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription.
Acetylation of Thr-180 by Yersinia yopJ prevents phosphorylation and activation, thus blocking the I-kappa-B pathway.
Ubiquitinated. Monoubiquitination involves TRIM21 that leads to inhibition of Tax-induced NF-kappa-B signaling. According to Ref.39, 'Ser-163' does not serve as a monoubiquitination site. According to Ref.26, ubiquitination on 'Ser-163' modulates phosphorylation on C-terminal serine residues. Monoubiquitination by TRIM21 is dirupted by Yersinia yopJ. SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. I-kappa-B kinase subfamily.
Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
Product Usage Statements
Quality Assurance
Evaluated by Western Blot in Daudi cell lysate
WesternBlot Analysis: A 1:5,000 dilution of this antibody detected IKK beta in Daudi cell lysate.
Usage Statement
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Storage and Shipping Information
Storage Conditions
Stable for 1 year at -20ºC from date of receipt.
Handling Recommendations: Upon first thaw, and prior to removing cap, centrifuge the vial and gently mix the solution. Aliquot into microcentrifuge tubes and store at -20ºC. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles, which may damage IgG and affect product performance.
Note: Variability in freezer temperatures below -20°C may cause glycerol containing solutions to become frozen during storage. Note: Variability in freezer temperatures below -20°C may cause glycerol containing solutions to become frozen during storage.
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta
Background Information
IKK-beta (I-Kappa-B kinase-beta) is a member of the IKK complex which is composed of IKK-alpha, IKK-beta, IKK-gamma and IKAP (1-2). Phosphorylation of I-Kappa-B on a serine residue by the IKK complex frees NF-kB from I-Kappa-B and marks it for degradation via ubiquitination. IKK-beta has been shown to activate NF-kB and phosphorylate IKB-alpha and beta (3). Phosphorylation of 2 sites at the activation loop of IKK-beta is essential for activation of IKK by TNF and IL1. Once activated, IKK-beta autophosphorylates which in turn decreases IKK activity and prevents prolonged activation of the inflammatory response (4). Additionally, IKK-beta activity can also be regulated by MEKK-1 (5).
Product Information
Format
Unpurified
Control
Daudi cell lysate
Presentation
Rabbit Monoclonal in buffer containing glycerol, BSA, and sodium azide.
Applications
Application
Anti-IKK beta Antibody, clone Y466, Rabbit Monoclonal detects level of IKK beta & has been published & validated for use in Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation, Flow Cytometry, IHC(P).
Key Applications
Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin)
Western Blotting
Immunoprecipitation
Flow Cytometry
Application Notes
Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A 1:50-100 dilution from a representative lot was used in human cervical carcinoma tissue.
Flow Cytometry Analysis: A 1:40 dilution from a representative lot was used in FC.
Immunoprecipitation Analysis: A 1:50 dilution from a representative lot was used in IP.
Biological Information
Immunogen
Synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminus of human IKK beta.
Epitope
C-terminus
Clone
Y466
Host
Rabbit
Specificity
This antibody recognizes the C-terminus of IKK beta.
FUNCTION:Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses. Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation and phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is translocated into the nucleus and activates the transcription of hundreds of genes involved in immune response, growth control, or protection against apoptosis. In addition to the NF-kappa-B inhibitors, phosphorylates several other components of the signaling pathway including NEMO/IKBKG, NF-kappa-B subunits RELA and NFKB1, as well as IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKBKE. IKK-related kinase phosphorylations may prevent the overproduction of inflammatory mediators since they exert a negative regulation on canonical IKKs. Also phosphorylates other substrates including NCOA3, BCL10 and IRS1. Within the nucleus, acts as an adapter protein for NFKBIA degradation in UV-induced NF-kappa-B activation. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:ATP + [I-kappa-B protein] = ADP + [I-kappa-B phosphoprotein]. SUBUNIT STRUCTURE:Component of the I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) core complex consisting of CHUK, IKBKB and IKBKG; probably four alpha/CHUK-beta/IKBKB dimers are associated with four gamma/IKBKG subunits. The IKK core complex seems to associate with regulatory or adapter proteins to form a IKK-signalosome holo-complex. The IKK complex associates with TERF2IP/RAP1, leading to promote IKK-mediated phosphorylation of RELA/p65. Part of a complex composed of NCOA2, NCOA3, CHUK/IKKA, IKBKB, IKBKG and CREBBP. Part of a 70-90 kDa complex at least consisting of CHUK/IKKA, IKBKB, NFKBIA, RELA, IKBKAP and MAP3K14. Found in a membrane raft complex, at least composed of BCL10, CARD11, DPP4 and IKBKB. Interacts with SQSTM1 through PRKCZ or PRKCI. Forms an NGF-induced complex with IKBKB, PRKCI and TRAF6. May interact with MAVS/IPS1. Interacts with NALP2. Interacts with TICAM1. Interacts with Yersinia yopJ. Interacts with FAF1; the interaction disrupts the IKK complex formation. Interacts with ATM. Part of a ternary complex consisting of TANK, IKBKB and IKBKG. Interacts with NIBP; the interaction is direct. Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2. Interacts with TRIM21. Interacts with NLRC5; prevents IKBKB phosphorylation and kinase activity. Interacts with PDPK1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION:Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Membrane raft. Note: Colocalized with DPP4 in membrane rafts. TISSUE SPECIFICITY:Highly expressed in heart, placenta, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis and peripheral blood. DOMAIN:The kinase domain is located in the N-terminal region. The leucine zipper is important to allow homo- and hetero-dimerization. At the C-terminal region is located the region responsible for the interaction with NEMO/IKBKG. PTM:Upon cytokine stimulation, phosphorylated on Ser-177 and Ser-181 by MEKK1 and/or MAP3K14/NIK as well as TBK1 and PRKCZ; which enhances activity. Once activated, autophosphorylates on the C-terminal serine cluster; which decreases activity and prevents prolonged activation of the inflammatory response. Phosphorylated by the IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKBKE, which is associated with reduced CHUK/IKKA and IKBKB activity and NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription.
Acetylation of Thr-180 by Yersinia yopJ prevents phosphorylation and activation, thus blocking the I-kappa-B pathway.
Ubiquitinated. Monoubiquitination involves TRIM21 that leads to inhibition of Tax-induced NF-kappa-B signaling. According to Ref.39, 'Ser-163' does not serve as a monoubiquitination site. According to Ref.26, ubiquitination on 'Ser-163' modulates phosphorylation on C-terminal serine residues. Monoubiquitination by TRIM21 is dirupted by Yersinia yopJ. SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. I-kappa-B kinase subfamily.
Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
Product Usage Statements
Quality Assurance
Evaluated by Western Blot in Daudi cell lysate
WesternBlot Analysis: A 1:5,000 dilution of this antibody detected IKK beta in Daudi cell lysate.
Usage Statement
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Storage and Shipping Information
Storage Conditions
Stable for 1 year at -20ºC from date of receipt.
Handling Recommendations: Upon first thaw, and prior to removing cap, centrifuge the vial and gently mix the solution. Aliquot into microcentrifuge tubes and store at -20ºC. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles, which may damage IgG and affect product performance.
Note: Variability in freezer temperatures below -20°C may cause glycerol containing solutions to become frozen during storage. Note: Variability in freezer temperatures below -20°C may cause glycerol containing solutions to become frozen during storage.
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