LysRS (D16D1) Rabbit mAb

• 产品编号：CST-9990S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：9990S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 蛋白特异性一抗
• 应用分类：

描述：

LysRS (D16D1) Rabbit mAb能够检测内源性的 LysRS 总蛋白水平。该单克隆抗体经由合成的围绕人 LysRS 蛋白近羧基端的氨基酸肽段免疫动物而生产的。赖氨酰-tRNA合成酶(LysRS)是一个多功能蛋白，该蛋白有常规的和线粒体的两种形式。 LysRS的常规形式属于氨酰基-tRNA合成酶(aaRSs)家族成员，该家族能催化氨基酸粘附到同工的tRNA。在哺乳动物的系统中，LysRS与三个aaRSs形成一个多重系统复合提(MSC) (1-3)。除了常规功能之外，LysRS 调节双腺苷四磷酸(diadenosine tetraphosphate;Ap4A)产物(3)。细胞内和新陈代谢应激能增加Ap4A水平，其具有细胞内报警系统的功能 (3-5)。FcεRI 在肥大细胞中聚集之后，MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK)使LysRS蛋白在Ser207 位点发生磷酸化(5)。LysRS蛋白丝氨酸磷酸化导致LysRS从MSC中释放，同时向细胞核内迁移(5)，这与Ap4A蛋白合成增加是一样的结果(5-6)。LysRS蛋白能结合 microphthalmia转录因子(MITF)和MITF的抑制因子Hint-1。当Ap4A结合上，Hint-1从复合物上释放，从而导致MITF响应基因的转录(5-7)。通过LysRS和HIV-1 Gag蛋白相互作用，从而参与了HIV-1病毒颗粒的组装(8)。突变体Cu,Zn-过氧化物歧化酶（SOD1）存在的情况下，线粒体形式的LysRS容易发生错误折叠，并且通过蛋白酶体降解降解，这会在肌萎缩侧索硬化（Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ，ALS）中导致线粒体功能紊乱(9)。LysRS也能被分泌，同时具有细胞因子样功能(10)。LysRS蛋白也被发现在自身免疫反应中作为一个自身抗原(11)。

1. Szymański, M. et al. (2000) Acta Biochim Pol 47, 821-34.
2. Bandyopadhyay, A.K. and Deutscher, M.P. (1971) J Mol Biol 60, 113-22.
3. Wahab, S.Z. and Yang, D.C. (1985) J Biol Chem 260, 5286-9.
4. Yannay-Cohen, N. et al. (2009) Mol Cell 34, 603-11.
5. Lee, Y.N. and Razin, E. (2005) Mol Cell Biol 25, 8904-12.
6. Lee, Y.N. et al. (2004) Immunity 20, 145-51.
7. Nechushtan, H. and Razin, E. (2002) Mol Immunol 38, 1177-80.
8. Kovaleski, B.J. et al. (2006) J Biol Chem 281, 19449-56.
9. Kawamata, H. et al. (2008) J Biol Chem 283, 28321-8.
10. Park, S.G. et al. (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102, 6356-61.
11. Linke, A.T. et al. (2001) Clin Exp Immunol 126, 173-9.

原厂资料：

Specificity / Sensitivity

LysRS (D16D1) Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of total LysRS protein.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of human LysRS protein.

Background

Lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS) is a multifunctional protein that has both regular and mitochondrial forms. The regular form of LysRS belongs to a family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) that catalyze amino acid attachment to its cognate tRNA. In mammalian systems, LysRS forms a multisystem complex (MSC) with several other aaRSs (1-3). In addition to its conventional function, LysRS regulates diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) production (3). Cellular and metabolic stress increases the level of Ap4A, which functions as a cellular alarm system (3-5). Following FcεRI aggregation in mast cells, MAPK/Erk kinase (MEK) phosphorylates LysRS at Ser207 (5). Serine phosphorylation of LysRS leads to the release of LysRS from MSC and its translocation into the nucleus (5), as well as increased synthesis of Ap4A (5,6). LysRS binds to microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) and MITF repressor Hint-1. Upon binding of Ap4A, Hint-1 is released from the complex that in turn allows the transcription of MITF-responsive genes (5-7). LysRS is also involved in HIV viral assembly through incorporation into HIV-1 virions via an interaction with HIV-1 Gag (8). Research studies have shown that in the presence of mutant Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1), mitochondrial LysRS tends to be misfolded and degraded by proteasomal degradation, contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) (9). LysRS is also secreted and has cytokine-like functions (10). LysRS was also found to be an autoantigen in autoimmune responses (11).

1. Szymański, M. et al. (2000) Acta Biochim Pol 47, 821-34.
2. Bandyopadhyay, A.K. and Deutscher, M.P. (1971) J Mol Biol 60, 113-22.
3. Wahab, S.Z. and Yang, D.C. (1985) J Biol Chem 260, 5286-9.
4. Yannay-Cohen, N. et al. (2009) Mol Cell 34, 603-11.
5. Lee, Y.N. and Razin, E. (2005) Mol Cell Biol 25, 8904-12.
6. Lee, Y.N. et al. (2004) Immunity 20, 145-51.
7. Nechushtan, H. and Razin, E. (2002) Mol Immunol 38, 1177-80.
8. Kovaleski, B.J. et al. (2006) J Biol Chem 281, 19449-56.
9. Kawamata, H. et al. (2008) J Biol Chem 283, 28321-8.
10. Park, S.G. et al. (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102, 6356-61.
11. Linke, A.T. et al. (2001) Clin Exp Immunol 126, 173-9.

注意事项：

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150
mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02%
sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.