TSPO Antibody

• 产品编号：CST-9530S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：9530S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 蛋白特异性一抗
• 应用分类：

描述：

TSPO 抗体识别内源性的总TSPO蛋白。该多克隆抗体通过用合成肽免疫动物制备，该合成肽与小鼠TSPO蛋白靠近羧基末端的残基一致。抗体由蛋白A和肽亲和层析纯化。转运器蛋白（TSPO），是一个18 kDa的线粒体药物运输和胆固醇运输蛋白，在多种细胞类型中参与类固醇激素的合成和线粒体中的动态平衡（1,2）。原本以为TSPO只在类固醇细胞中类固醇合成时发挥作用，后续的研究表明TSPO与多种组织病理学，包括乳腺癌、神经炎症和神经系统紊乱有关连（1,3-5）。首次发现TSPO，是它在外周组织和神经胶质细胞中结合苯二氮卓类药物的能力，因此又叫外周苯二氮受体（PBR）。已经证明，TSPO能够调节大量细胞的功能，在类固醇激素合成、调节线粒体功能和代谢、细胞增殖和凋亡中起重要作用（6-8）。TSPO在线粒体外膜中发现，在那里它协调类固醇激素合成急性调节因子（STAR）并运输胆固醇进入线粒体，而且，在类固醇生成和肿瘤发生至关重要的(9,10)。研究表明，非竞争性的、激素依赖的细胞株MCF7，表达低水平TSPO，反之，会更具有竞争性、转移性，而激素依赖性细胞株MDA-MB-231，表达高水平TSPO (10)。该项研究和其他研究表明，TSPO可能在激素依赖性肿瘤发生中是一个重要的调节器。大量研究得出结论，由于对药理化合物的高亲和性并在疾病中上调，TSPO可作为一个诊断和治疗肿瘤发展、神经炎症、神经退行性疾病和神经/精神障碍的有吸引力的靶点（11-15）。

1. Batarseh, A. and Papadopoulos, V. (2010) Mol Cell Endocrinol 327, 1-12.
2. Gatliff, J. and Campanella, M. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 356-68.
3. Sileikyte, J. et al. (2011) J Biol Chem 286, 1046-53.
4. Mukherjee, S. and Das, S.K. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 443-57.
5. Da Pozzo, E. et al. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 426-42.
6. Riond, J. et al. (1991) Eur J Biochem 195, 305-11.
7. Veenman, L. and Gavish, M. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 398-412.
8. Papadopoulos, V. et al. (1997) Steroids 62, 21-8.
9. Batarseh, A. et al. (2012) Biochim Biophys Acta 1819, 38-56.
10. Scarf, A.M. and Kassiou, M. (2011) J Nucl Med 52, 677-80.
11. Rupprecht, R. et al. (2010) Nat Rev Drug Discov 9, 971-88.
12. Venneti, S. et al. (2012) Glia , .
13. Politis, M. et al. (2012) Front Pharmacol 3, 96.
14. Calabresi, P.A. and Bohnen, N.I. (2012) Neurology , .

原厂资料：

Specificity / Sensitivity

TSPO Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of total TSPO protein.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of mouse TSPO protein. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Background

Translocator protein (TSPO) is an 18 kDa mitochondrial drug- and cholesterol-transporting protein involved in steroid hormone synthesis and mitochondrial homeostasis in a variety of cell types (1,2). Originally thought to play a role exclusively in steroid synthesis in steroidogenic cells, subsequent research studies have implicated TSPO in a variety of pathologies in a broad range of tissues including progression of breast cancer, neuroinflammation, and neurological disorders (1,3-5). TSPO was first identified by its ability to bind benzodiazepines in peripheral tissues and glial cells, hence its alternate name Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor (PBR). 
 
 TSPO has been shown to modulate an array of cellular functions; it is critical for steroidogenesis, modulates mitochondrial function and metabolism, and plays a role in both cell proliferation and apoptosis (6-8). TSPO is found in the outer mitochondrial membrane where it coordinates with Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Factor (StAR) to transport cholesterol into the mitochondria and is critical for steroidogenesis and tumor progression (9,10). This is illustrated by studies that show the non-aggressive, hormone-dependent cell line, MCF7, expresses low levels of TSPO whereas the more aggressive, metastatic, and hormone-independent cell line, MDA-MB-231, expresses high levels of TSPO (10). This study, and others, suggest that TSPO may be an important regulator of hormone-dependent tumor progression. Numerous investigations have concluded that due to its high affinity for pharmacological compounds and up-regulation in disease, TSPO is an attractive target for diagnosis and treatment of tumor progression, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and neurological/psychiatric disorders (11-15).

1. Batarseh, A. and Papadopoulos, V. (2010) Mol Cell Endocrinol 327, 1-12.
2. Gatliff, J. and Campanella, M. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 356-68.
3. Sileikyte, J. et al. (2011) J Biol Chem 286, 1046-53.
4. Mukherjee, S. and Das, S.K. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 443-57.
5. Da Pozzo, E. et al. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 426-42.
6. Riond, J. et al. (1991) Eur J Biochem 195, 305-11.
7. Veenman, L. and Gavish, M. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 398-412.
8. Papadopoulos, V. et al. (1997) Steroids 62, 21-8.
9. Batarseh, A. et al. (2012) Biochim Biophys Acta 1819, 38-56.
10. Scarf, A.M. and Kassiou, M. (2011) J Nucl Med 52, 677-80.
11. Rupprecht, R. et al. (2010) Nat Rev Drug Discov 9, 971-88.
12. Venneti, S. et al. (2012) Glia , .
13. Politis, M. et al. (2012) Front Pharmacol 3, 96.
14. Calabresi, P.A. and Bohnen, N.I. (2012) Neurology , .

注意事项：

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM
NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at –20°C.
Do not aliquot the antibody.