Livin (D61D1) XP? Rabbit mAb

• 产品编号：CST-5471S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：5471S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 蛋白特异性一抗
• 应用分类：

描述：

Livin (D61D1) XP® Rabbit mAb 兔单抗能够检测内源性水平的livin总蛋白。该单克隆抗体是采用合成的人源livin蛋白 Ala195周围残基相对应的肽段免疫动物而制备的。凋亡抑制因子蛋白(IAP) 家族包含一个进化上保守的凋亡抑制分支，此分支蛋白包含70个氨基酸的BIR (杆状病毒抑制重复) 域(1,2)。在人类中，此家族的蛋白包含c-IAP1、c-IAP2、XIAP、survivin、livin和NAIP。在癌细胞系和原癌中，IAP 家族成员过表达，尤其是survivin和livin, 这显示出了这些蛋白在癌症发展过程中的重要作用(3-5)。一般来讲，IAP蛋白发挥作用是通过直接抑制几个caspases的活性, 包括caspase-3、caspase-7和caspase-9 (5,6)。另外，IAP家族的成员与线粒体蛋白Smac的结合阻止了它们与caspase-9的互作, 因此导致了caspase的加工及其激活 (2)。Livin蛋白（BIRC7/ML-IAP）是一种强效的抗凋亡IAP家族成员，包含一个单一的BIR结构域和环指基序，其在人类黑色素瘤中高表达，在正常组织中不存在（5,7）。它位于细胞核，在细胞质中弥散存在（5）。Livin基因编码两种剪接变异体，一个298个氨基酸的异构体（α）和一个280个氨基酸的异构体（β），两者在各种凋亡刺激下具有不同的生物活性（8）。Livin除了直接抑制caspase活性，还能促进促凋亡蛋白Smac蛋白通过泛素 - 蛋白酶体途径降解（9）。Livin主要在肿瘤细胞中表达，随后的几项研究表明，Livin的下调能促进细胞凋亡，这已经引导人们开展Livin在癌症治疗应用方面的研究（10）。

1. Deveraux, Q.L. and Reed, J.C. (1999) Genes Dev 13, 239-52.
2. Deveraux, Q.L. et al. (1998) EMBO J 17, 2215-23.
3. Altieri, D.C. et al. (1999) Lab Invest 79, 1327-33.
4. Tamm, I. et al. (2000) Clin Cancer Res 6, 1796-803.
5. Kasof, G.M. and Gomes, B.C. (2001) J Biol Chem 276, 3238-46.
6. Deveraux, Q.L. et al. (1997) Nature 388, 300-4.
7. Vucic, D. et al. (2000) Curr Biol 10, 1359-66.
8. Ashhab, Y. et al. (2001) FEBS Lett 495, 56-60.
9. Ma, L. et al. (2006) Cell Death Differ 13, 2079-88.
10. Liu, B. et al. (2007) Cancer Lett 250, 168-76.

原厂资料：

Specificity / Sensitivity

Livin (D61D1) XP® Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total livin protein.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ala195 of human livin protein.

Background

The inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family consists of an evolutionarily conserved group of apoptosis inhibitors containing a conserved 70 amino acid BIR (baculovirus inhibitor repeat) domain (1,2). Human members of this family include c-IAP1, c-IAP2, XIAP, survivin, livin, and NAIP. Overexpression of IAP family members, particularly survivin and livin, in cancer cell lines and primary tumors suggests an important role for these proteins in cancer progression (3-5). In general, the IAP proteins function through direct interactions to inhibit the activity of several caspases, including caspase-3, caspase-7, and caspase-9 (5,6). In addition, binding of IAP family members to the mitochondrial protein Smac blocks their interaction with caspase-9, thereby allowing the processing and activation of the caspase (2).Livin (BIRC7/ML-IAP) is a potent anti-apoptotic IAP family member containing a single BIR domain and RING finger motif that is highly expressed in human melanomas and absent in normal tissues (5,7). It is localized in the nucleus and diffusely in the cytoplasm (5). The livin gene encodes two splicing variants, a 298 amino acid isoform (α) and a 280 amino acid form (β), with different biological activity to various apoptotic stimuli (8). In addition to directly inhibiting caspase activity, livin can promote the degradation of the pro-apoptotic protein Smac through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (9). Its preferential expression in tumor cells, along with several studies showing that downregulation of livin can promote apoptosis, has led to studies analyzing the use of livin in cancer therapy (10).

1. Deveraux, Q.L. and Reed, J.C. (1999) Genes Dev 13, 239-52.
2. Deveraux, Q.L. et al. (1998) EMBO J 17, 2215-23.
3. Altieri, D.C. et al. (1999) Lab Invest 79, 1327-33.
4. Tamm, I. et al. (2000) Clin Cancer Res 6, 1796-803.
5. Kasof, G.M. and Gomes, B.C. (2001) J Biol Chem 276, 3238-46.
6. Deveraux, Q.L. et al. (1997) Nature 388, 300-4.
7. Vucic, D. et al. (2000) Curr Biol 10, 1359-66.
8. Ashhab, Y. et al. (2001) FEBS Lett 495, 56-60.
9. Ma, L. et al. (2006) Cell Death Differ 13, 2079-88.
10. Liu, B. et al. (2007) Cancer Lett 250, 168-76.

注意事项：

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150
mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02%
sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody