NFAT4 Antibody

• 产品编号：CST-4998S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：4998S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 蛋白特异性一抗
• 应用分类：

描述：

NFAT4 Antibody 能够检测内源NFAT4蛋白总体水平。此多克隆抗体是通过合成人源对应的NFAT4 序列的肽段来免疫动物而获得。抗体是通过protein A和多肽亲和层析纯化。NFAT (T细胞激活的核因子)家族蛋白包括 NFAT1 (NFATc2或 NFATp), NFAT2 (NFATc1 或 NFATc), NFAT3 (NFATc4)和 NFAT4 (NFATc3 或NFATx)。此家族中的所有成员都是转录因子，具有一个Rel同源的区域和与AP-1 (Jun/Fos)相呼应的调控基因转录，从而管理形成高效的免疫系统(1,2)。NFAT 蛋白主要是在免疫系统的细胞中表达，但是也在骨骼肌，角化细胞，脂肪细胞中表达并调控这些细胞的分化过程(3)。在静息细胞中, NFAT蛋白被高度磷酸化并在细胞质中定位。细胞内的钙浓度增加能激活钙/钙调素依赖的丝氨酸磷酸酶，它能够激活NFAT蛋白，导致其随后的入核(2)。终止NFAT的信号发生在降低钙的浓度和通过GSK-3或CK1对NFAT的磷酸化后(3,4)。环孢菌素A 和 FK506 是免疫抑制剂能够抑制钙依赖磷酸酶并还原胞质中的NFAT蛋白(5)。NFAT4能上调一些细胞因子基因的表达并激活标记同时在CD4(+) T细胞中能够下调 CD154的表达。另外，在助T细胞1 (Th1细胞)中 NFAT4增加IFN-gamma 和TNF-alpha的表达，在助T细胞2 (Th2细胞)中下调IL-4和IL-5(6)。

1. Northrop, J.P. et al. (1993) J Biol Chem 268, 2917-23.
2. Hogan, P.G. et al. (2003) Genes Dev 17, 2205-32.
3. Crabtree, G.R. and Olson, E.N. (2002) Cell 109 Suppl, S67-79.
4. Okamura, H. et al. (2004) Mol Cell Biol 24, 4184-95.
5. Shaw, K.T. et al. (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92, 11205-9.
6. Chen, J. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 170, 3109-3117.

原厂资料：

Homology

Species predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology: Mouse

Specificity / Sensitivity

NFAT4 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total NFAT4 protein.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the sequence of human NFAT4. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Background

The NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) family of proteins consists of NFAT1 (NFATc2 or NFATp), NFAT2 (NFATc1 or NFATc), NFAT3 (NFATc4), and NFAT4 (NFATc3 or NFATx). All members of this family are transcription factors with a Rel homology domain and regulate gene transcription in concert with AP-1 (Jun/Fos) to orchestrate an effective immune response (1,2). NFAT proteins are predominantly expressed in cells of the immune system, but are also expressed in skeletal muscle, keratinocytes, and adipocytes, regulating cell differentiation programs in these cells (3). In resting cells, NFAT proteins are heavily phosphorylated and localized in the cytoplasm. Increased intracellular calcium concentrations activate the calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine phosphatase calcineurin, which dephosphorylates NFAT proteins, resulting in their subsequent translocation to the nucleus (2). Termination of NFAT signaling occurs upon declining calcium concentrations and phosphorylation of NFAT by kinases such as GSK-3 or CK1 (3,4). Cyclosporin A and FK506 are immunosuppressive drugs that inhibit calcineurin and thus retain NFAT proteins in the cytoplasm (5).NFAT4 upregulates the expression of several cytokine genes and activation markers and downregulates expression of CD154 in naive CD4(+) T cells. Furthermore, NFAT4 augments expression of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in helper T-cells 1 (Th1 cells) and attenuates expression of IL-4 and IL-5 in helper T-cells 2 (Th2 cells) (6).

1. Northrop, J.P. et al. (1993) J Biol Chem 268, 2917-23.
2. Hogan, P.G. et al. (2003) Genes Dev 17, 2205-32.
3. Crabtree, G.R. and Olson, E.N. (2002) Cell 109 Suppl, S67-79.
4. Okamura, H. et al. (2004) Mol Cell Biol 24, 4184-95.
5. Shaw, K.T. et al. (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92, 11205-9.
6. Chen, J. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 170, 3109-3117.

注意事项：

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM
NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at –20°C.
Do not aliquot the antibody.