MacroH2A1.2 Antibody

• 产品编号：CST-4827S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：4827S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 蛋白特异性一抗
• 应用分类：

描述：

MacroH2A1.2 Antibody能够检测内源性的histone MacroH2A1.2 (macroH2A1, isoform 2)蛋白。该抗体不能与macroH2A1.2 (macroH2A1, isoform 1), macroH2A2或histone H2A发生交叉反应。通过合成的与人源macroH2A1.2蛋白(macroH2A1, isoform 2)去免疫动物从而制备出此多克隆抗体。通过蛋白A和多肽亲和层析纯化获得。Histone macroH2A1和macroH2A2包含多样histone H2A蛋白家族。MacroH2A1存在两种明显的亚型，这是因为一个单独基因的选择性剪切；macroH2A1.1水平在分化和发育阶段中堆积，而macroH2A1.2显示一个恒定的表达水平(1)。MacroH2A1和macroH2A2是通过定位在不同的染色体上的完全不同的基因编码的(2,3)。除了一个羧基端“macro”区域，macroH2A1和macroH2A2蛋白都包含一个氨基端组蛋白样区域，其含有64%序列相似与histone H2A(1-3)。MacroH2A1和macroH2A2在兼性异染色质( facultative heterochromatin)是丰富的，包括在雌性哺乳动物中的失活的X染色体和细胞老化相关异染色质位点（senescence-associated heterochromatic foci, SAHF）(2-5)。它们都可以通过抑制转录因子结合到染色质、由p300使组蛋白乙酰化以及SWI/SNF和ACF的染色质重构活性从而抑制基因转录(6,7)。macroH2A1.1的macro区域结合到ADP-ribose，以及作为在DNA损伤的位点招募macroH2A1.1去激活PARP，在上述区域它能介导染色质重排去特异性调节DNA损伤反应(8)。MacroH2A1.2和macroH2A2不能结合到poly-ADP-ribose，并且不能招募到活性PARP的位点(8)。

1. Pehrson, J.R. et al. (1997) J Cell Biochem 65, 107-13.
2. Chadwick, B.P. and Willard, H.F. (2001) Hum Mol Genet 10, 1101-13.
3. Costanzi, C. and Pehrson, J.R. (2001) J Biol Chem 276, 21776-84.
4. Costanzi, C. and Pehrson, J.R. (1998) Nature 393, 599-601.
5. Zhang, R. et al. (2005) Dev Cell 8, 19-30.
6. Angelov, D. et al. (2003) Mol Cell 11, 1033-41.
7. Doyen, C.M. et al. (2006) Mol Cell Biol 26, 1156-64.
8. Timinszky, G. et al. (2009) Nat Struct Mol Biol 16, 923-9.

原厂资料：

Homology

Species predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology: Chicken, Bovine

Specificity / Sensitivity

MacroH2A1.2 Antibody detects endogenous levels of the core histone MacroH2A1.2 protein (MacroH2A1, isoform 2). The antibody does not cross-react with MacroH2A1.1 (MacroH2A1, isoform 1), MacroH2A2 or histone H2A.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the human MacroH2A1.2 protein (MacroH2A1, isoform 2). Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Background

Histone macroH2A1 and macroH2A2 comprise a family of variant histone H2A proteins. MacroH2A1 exists as two distinct isoforms due to alternative splicing of a single gene; macroH2A1.1 levels accumulate throughout differentiation and development while macroH2A1.2 shows a constant level of expression (1). MacroH2A1 and macroH2A2 are encoded by completely distinct genes located on separate chromosomes (2,3). Both macroH2A1 and macroH2A2 proteins contain an amino-terminal histone-like region with 64% sequence identity to canonical histone H2A, in addition to a carboxy-terminal “macro” domain (1-3). MacroH2A1 and macroH2A2 are enriched in facultative heterochromatin, including inactivated X chromosomes in mammalian females and senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (2-5). Both act to repress gene transcription by inhibiting the binding of transcription factors to chromatin, the acetylation of histones by p300, and the chromatin-remodeling activities of SWI/SNF and ACF (6,7). The macro domain of macroH2A1.1 binds to ADP-ribose and functions to recruit macroH2A1.1 to activated PARP at sites of DNA damage, where it mediates chromatin rearrangements to locally regulate the DNA damage response (8). MacroH2A1.2 and macroH2A2 do not bind poly-ADP-ribose and are not recruited to sites of activated PARP (8).

1. Pehrson, J.R. et al. (1997) J Cell Biochem 65, 107-13.
2. Chadwick, B.P. and Willard, H.F. (2001) Hum Mol Genet 10, 1101-13.
3. Costanzi, C. and Pehrson, J.R. (2001) J Biol Chem 276, 21776-84.
4. Costanzi, C. and Pehrson, J.R. (1998) Nature 393, 599-601.
5. Zhang, R. et al. (2005) Dev Cell 8, 19-30.
6. Angelov, D. et al. (2003) Mol Cell 11, 1033-41.
7. Doyen, C.M. et al. (2006) Mol Cell Biol 26, 1156-64.
8. Timinszky, G. et al. (2009) Nat Struct Mol Biol 16, 923-9.

注意事项：

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM
NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at –20°C.
Do not aliquot the antibody.