Toll-like Receptor 1 Antibody

• 产品编号：CST-2209S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：2209S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 蛋白特异性一抗
• 应用分类：

描述：

Toll-like Receptor 1抗体能够检测内源性TLR1总蛋白水平。多克隆抗体是通过合成人源对应的TLR1 N-末端周围的肽段来免疫动物而获得。抗体是通过protein A和多肽亲和层析纯化。

Toll样受体(TLR) 家族成员, 是因与其密切相关的果蝇Toll受体而命名的，TLR在天然免疫中发挥了极其重要的作用(1-3)。TLRs 能够识别不同病原菌中保守的结构域并介导防御反应。TLR的触发导致了NF-κB信号通路的激活并因此调控下游的免疫和炎症基因的表达。TLRs与IL-1受体家族都包含一个大约200个氨基酸的保守区域—TIR结构域。受到激活后，TLRs 与细胞质中的含有TIR区域的一系列接头蛋白作用，包括MyD88 (myeloid differentiation factor), MAL/TIRAP (MyD88-adaptor-like/TIR-associated protein), TRIF (Toll-receptor-associated activator of interferon), and TRAM (Toll-receptor-associated molecule)。这些反应导致了IRAK1 和 IRAK4的招募和激活，并与TRAF6 形成复合体激活 TAK1 和 IKK。IKK的激活导致了正常情况下截留NF-κB在细胞质中而失去活性的IκB的降解。

Toll样受体在外周血的白细胞、单核细胞、巨噬细胞中高表达，尽管与其它的成员相比TLR1的表达所受到的限制更少(4,5)。TLR1与TLR2 联合共同介导对细菌脂蛋白的免疫反应并激活NF-κB 信号通路(6,7)。TLR1与TLR6在序列上高度同源, 相似度达到了69% (8)。

1. Akira, S. (2003) J Biol Chem 278, 38105-8.
2. Beutler, B. (2004) Nature 430, 257-63.
3. Dunne, A. and O'Neill, L.A. (2003) Sci STKE 2003, re3.
4. Medzhitov, R. et al. (1997) Nature 388, 394-7.
5. Schwandner, R. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17406-9.
6. Takeuchi, O. et al. (1999) Immunity 11, 443-51.
7. Alexopoulou, L. et al. (2001) Nature 413, 732-8.
8. Zhang, F.X. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 7611-4.
9. Horng, T. et al. (2001) Nat Immunol 2, 835-41.
10. Oshiumi, H. et al. (2003) Nat Immunol 4, 161-7.
11. Muzio, M. et al. (1997) Science 278, 1612-5.
12. Wesche, H. et al. (1997) Immunity 7, 837-47.
13. Suzuki, N. et al. (2002) Nature 416, 750-6.
14. Irie, T. et al. (2000) FEBS Lett 467, 160-4.
15. Muzio, M. et al. (2000) J Leukoc Biol 67, 450-6.
16. Ochoa, M.T. et al. (2003) Immunology 108, 10-5.
17. Takeuchi, O. et al. (2002) J Immunol 169, 10-4.
18. Sandor, F. et al. (2003) J Cell Biol 162, 1099-110.
19. Takeuchi, O. et al. (1999) Gene 231, 59-65.

原厂资料：

Homology

Species predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology: Monkey

Specificity / Sensitivity

Toll-like Receptor 1 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total TLR1 protein.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues at the amino terminus of human TLR1 protein. Antibodies were purified by peptide affinity chromatography.

Background

Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, named for the closely related Toll receptor in Drosophila, play a pivotal role in innate immune responses (1-3). TLRs recognize conserved motifs found in various pathogens and mediate defense responses. Triggering of the TLR pathway leads to the activation of NF-κB and subsequent regulation of immune and inflammatory genes. The TLRs and members of the IL-1 receptor family share a conserved stretch of approximately 200 amino acids known as the TIR domain. Upon activation, TLRs associate with a number of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins containing TIR domains including MyD88 (myeloid differentiation factor), MAL/TIRAP (MyD88-adaptor-like/TIR-associated protein), TRIF (Toll-receptor-associated activator of interferon), and TRAM (Toll-receptor-associated molecule). This association leads to the recruitment and activation of IRAK1 and IRAK4, which form a complex with TRAF6 to activate TAK1 and IKK. Activation of IKK leads to the degradation of IκB that normally maintains NF-κB inactivity by sequestering it in the cytoplasm.

Toll-like receptor expression is highest in peripheral blood leukocytes, monocytes, macrophages, though TLR1 expression may be less restricted than other family members (4,5). TLR1 associates with TLR2 to cooperatively mediate immune responses to bacterial lipoproteins and lead to NF-κB activation (6,7). TLR1 shows highest homology to TLR6, which shares 69% sequence identity (8).

1. Akira, S. (2003) J Biol Chem 278, 38105-8.
2. Beutler, B. (2004) Nature 430, 257-63.
3. Dunne, A. and O'Neill, L.A. (2003) Sci STKE 2003, re3.
4. Medzhitov, R. et al. (1997) Nature 388, 394-7.
5. Schwandner, R. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17406-9.
6. Takeuchi, O. et al. (1999) Immunity 11, 443-51.
7. Alexopoulou, L. et al. (2001) Nature 413, 732-8.
8. Zhang, F.X. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 7611-4.
9. Horng, T. et al. (2001) Nat Immunol 2, 835-41.
10. Oshiumi, H. et al. (2003) Nat Immunol 4, 161-7.
11. Muzio, M. et al. (1997) Science 278, 1612-5.
12. Wesche, H. et al. (1997) Immunity 7, 837-47.
13. Suzuki, N. et al. (2002) Nature 416, 750-6.
14. Irie, T. et al. (2000) FEBS Lett 467, 160-4.
15. Muzio, M. et al. (2000) J Leukoc Biol 67, 450-6.
16. Ochoa, M.T. et al. (2003) Immunology 108, 10-5.
17. Takeuchi, O. et al. (2002) J Immunol 169, 10-4.
18. Sandor, F. et al. (2003) J Cell Biol 162, 1099-110.
19. Takeuchi, O. et al. (1999) Gene 231, 59-65.

注意事项：

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM
NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at –20°C.
Do not aliquot the antibody.